The Electric Bath

he consideration of the treatment of special diseases by the

neral considerations that may influence and guide us in determ

current, here acts directly (locally) as well as indirectly (through the nervous centres) on every portion of the body-a circumstance of great importance in differentiating indications on the one hand for the baths, on the other for local electrization. In view of these circumstances we are fully justified in looking for results far more comprehensive than an

(p. 36). In choosing between this and the bath, I state it as my conviction that, while there may be a small proportion of cases in which general faradization, so-c

s always an agreeable surprise to those who, urged by their physicians, have with fear and trembling submitted themselves to a treatment, the mere name of which filled their minds with extravagant-and, it is useless to say, groundless-visions of painful shocks. Thanks to the tonic effects of the current, they are by the feeble and infirm borne much bett

e baths in a given case, we have to obs

ricity, we must decide which of these two currents to use, and if both, in which order. We must d

e promises to get well under electro-balneological treatment alone, or wheth

and others where a bath every day is imperatively necessary, in far the greater majority of cases suitable for electro-balneological

other day for a time, and, when the cure is about completed, a bath twice a week,

the effects of the baths. People who had made the tour of almost all the watering-places of Europe without obtaining the slightest benefit, have come to me imbued with the idea-whence derived I know not-that one or two baths should greatly improve, and two or three more cure them; and when these expectations were not realized, they would promptly discontinue treatment, fully satisfied that

ned, had the cases been sent earlier. I do not mention this in a fault-finding spirit; to do so would be unjust. The remedy under consideration has up to the present time been too little known, the indications for its employment-in the absence of statistics-on too uncertain a basis, to expect from any but specialists the early realization in any case of its appropriateness. I trust however t

e unsuccessful, wherever it shall appear to me that the citation of such cases may be

into details; the demands of the present work will be fully met if sufficient is said o

baths, I have had no personal experience in their use, but base my opinions on what I know of their effect

AL DI

UMA

time been employed in its treatment, bear witness by their very number to the little reliance that can be placed in any one of them. A remedy then which can be relied on to exercise a favorable influence in all the forms of rheumatism-acute, subacute and chronic-as well as on most of its sequel?, s

battery at his house, which, in addition to appropriate medicinal treatment, I applied daily to the affected joints,-using mainly the faradic current. Being compelled at the time to go to the country, the case during my absence drifted into the hands of a gentleman, a professor at one of the medical colleges, of high standing in the profession and considered one of our leading medical men, who ridiculed and promptly discontinued the use of electricity in the case. He gave it as his opinion that it did more harm than good, and I have no doubt he did so conscientiously-however

ular rheumatism, so that the patient experiences no pain, even when the distance between the coils equals naught[11], and both closure and opening ar

of cases to be in inverse proportion to the severity of the disea

lity of the diseased joints is diminished by

n of the previously heightened temperature of the disea

dization. This diminution is sometimes so considerable, that the joint, which prior to the faradizati

faradization for 3, 4 and even 5 hours; they then gradually return to the previous height. At the sa

n, and incommodes the patient less, we have nevertheless made the observation in one case, that

inutes, diminish the severity of acute articular rheumatism, restore the perverted cu

esses mentioned, received no medication in addition to th

wever have long since satisfied me of the utility in this respect of faradic not only, but also of mild constant currents. Accepting this as matter of

which where, for example, six joints are involved, would by the ordinary method require sixty minutes, are readily realized. There is, however, another reason why the baths are preferable in rheumatism to local applications. Rheumatism is a constitutional disease with local manifestations. The metastatic character of muscular rheumatism especially appears to indicate the greater importance of general as compared to local treatment. Pre-supposing, then, that electricity exercises

see p. 12) may advantageously be had recourse to for the purpose of more concentrated influence on affected parts, to each of which it may be applied for a few minutes; the entire faradization may last from ten to fifteen minutes. When coming from the bath, the patient should be received in a warm blanket, anything like a chill being carefully guarded against. In cases where the cutaneous secretion is of an abno

tment, conjoined with the requisite me

ridgment of the pe

? are les

recurrence is ver

t does occur, is c

I speak within the restrictions of a period of obs

cute rh

re not so much care is necessary with regard to the intensity of the currents. Muscular contractions, as induced by strong faradic c

y, does not apply to all cases. Special complications may make it expedient in individual cases to modify the treatment more

er my observation were of the muscular type, the algic portion of the symptoms approaching those of neuralgia rather than subacute rheumatism. Of chronic articular rheumatism I have treated but very few cases. Although in some of the cases the treatment under consideration was attended with brilliant results, I freely admit that in some instances the results were imperf

baths calculated to stimulate as much as possible the circulation of the blood. The best manner of applying the baths to this end will be found further on, under "Inequalities of the Circulation." In addition to this I cause the galvanic (

loyed here, might in some instances be productive of evil rather than good. Although transient benefit may be experienced from a few baths-sometimes even from on

every instance sufficiently great to induce me to forego this plan of treatment. While I have thus had frequent occasion here to employ local electrization, I have had but one case of acute rheumatism where I had the opportunity to employ the baths. The local symptoms in this case being limited t

as well as muscles were involved) for two weeks, Dr. M. sent patient to take electric baths. On May 25th Mr. F. was brought in a carriage. He was unable to walk; had to be assisted up the steps by two attendants. His arms were in a scarcely better condition, the wrist joints especially being exceedingly tender and painful. The first and second baths, administered respectively on May 25th and 29th, did not effect much change in his condition. The third bath was taken May 30th, with the happiest results. On Ju

ankle-joints. The acute attack dated back six weeks. Locomotion was very painful, and could be accomplished only with the aid of a cane. A galvan

atic attack than any to which he had previously been subject. It affected chiefly the lower extremities. When he first came under my observation (7th October, 1874) he had been confined to the house five weeks. The left knee and both feet and ankle joints were much swollen. The affected joints were exquisitely sensitive. Both legs were very feeble, and coupled with this was great general debility. Locomotion was rendered difficult to such an extent that even the aid of two stout canes did not enable him to dispense with additional help in mounting my doorsteps. The first bath (Oct. 7th) was followed by

ng time. As far as I could gather, the disease originated in an acute attack some two years ago. He came for his first ba

tendons of the fingers of both hands were more or less contracted, the result of previous rheumatic attacks. I ordered him the baths, without any adjuvant treatment whatsoever. His improvement was rapid. Be

OR

case that applied to me for treatment. I am happy to state that in no instance where the baths were employed was anything short of a perfect result obtained. I will state on the other hand, that in every case medicinal treatment was had recourse to at the same time. It is equally true however, that in all the cases medicinal treatment without the baths had proved of no avail. The best method of employing the bath is as follows: For the first ten minutes a constant current of medium intensity should be passed, one pole communicating with the head-electrode, the other connected with the surface board, applied for five minutes to the epigastrium, fi

of chorea that I have ever met with. Internal medication, ether spray, change of air etc. had been of no avail. Between the date above mentioned and March 23d the boy h

baths. The attempt was indeed made; but no sooner had we managed to place the boy in the tub, than he splashed the water freely about, and by the violence of his movements bid fair to injure himself. I therefore deferred for a time the electro-balneological treatment, and had course to ordinary spinal galvanizations. These, together with internal me

CAL AFF

we are in doubt or positively ignorant as to the origin of the symptoms, we are justified in giving preference empirically to electricity, not only because, the disease being essentially of a nervous character, we find in electricity the most powerful of neurotics, but also because recent statistics, those that embrace a period when electricity has been permitted to participate, if not duly, at least more largely than heretofore, in the treatment of disease, go to show that by means of this remedy better average results have been obtained than with any other. Again, where there are no positive indications to em

e uniformity in the manifestations of hysteria, that it were idle to even attempt to establi

from hysteria for a number of years. Among the more prominent symptoms were intense pruritus, transient flushing and heat of the entire surface,

ty and prostration since her last confinement (about a year previous to my seeing her). There was no organic trouble, the symptoms pointing to pure functional

ASTH

s Exhau

tant and other disagreeable effects that even with the greatest care and caution we cannot always disassociate from galvanization of the brain. They no doubt act here in two ways, i.e., first and chiefly, through reflex influence from the entire periphery; second, by derived currents on the brain directly. Whatever their mode of action, the results obtained are of the most gratifying kind. The pitiable condition in which some patients of this class present themselves, is familiar enough to every physician; but it appears that the

gans to respond to the electric stimulus without detriment. Both currents may be used from the first. The galvanic current should precede the faradic, and be employed for not more than ten minutes. Where irritability is a feature of the case, the current should be descending; otherwise ascending. This may be followed by the faradic current, not of sufficient intensity for the first few baths, however, to cause any but slight muscular contractions. In most of these cases iron may be advantageously add

strain, he was completely prostrated, and compelled to retire from the pursuit of his profession. By the advice of his physician he went to the country. There, without any premonitory symptom whatsoever, he suffered an attack of (left) hemiplegia. I quote from his recital as follows: "While standing in the office of the hotel registering my name in the book, I suddenly dropped down, retaining full consciousness. I lost the power of speech for some hours. After twenty-four hours the paralysis began to recede, and in a few days I had made a spontaneous recovery. I then went further into the interior. Two weeks subsequently I had a similar, but milder attack; retained full consciousness and mental control. Returned to city (New York) two weeks after this, in a very debil

ast suffered from excessive cerebro-spinal irritability, for the relief of which cantharidal collodion had been employed in the cervico-spinal region (the same had also been used in the hepatic region, to meet the diagnostic views of some one of his medical attendants). He had a remittent chronic intestinal catarrh, with-noticeably

of the year, taking in all sixty-one baths. He was then in a better condition than he had been for many years. Thinking a trip to Europe would benefit him, I advised him to go there and remain a few months. He left early in January and returned in the beginning of April, 1875. He had been very well during his absence, until within a few weeks prior to his departure from Europe, when he experienced a severe attack of cerebro-spinal congestion, which caused him much suffering. On his return he resumed the baths, and continued them throughout the spring, continually gaining in strength and weight. At the beginning of last summer he was

cerebral exhaustion." Physical nutrition was pretty good; yet his color was not normal, being rather paler than it had been and has since become again. His flesh was flabby. There were vague neurotic disturbances, etc., etc. He had until recently occupied a leading public position, and the onerous duties that devolved on him in connection with this, evidently stood in dire

ing; would desire one thing to-day, another to-morrow; never long of the same mind. Melancholia, digestive disturbances and hypochondriacal phenomena accompanied this condition. No organic disease was discoverable. On October 1st he took his first bath. Very shortly after this he commenced the study

YPN

A; SLEEP

isease giving rise to the insomnia, they almost invariably remove this, irrespective of its cause. Even where, the disease itself remaining uncured, the insomnia must return sooner or later, the sleep is very much improved while the baths are being had recourse to. We must of course endeavor in all cases to relieve the

that Dr. W. ordered him the baths. He began to improve in this respect from the time he took his first bath, and although the disease itself remained uncured, he enjoyed good sound sleep while he was under treatment, his general health improved, and he

. On the evening of above date the patient had a bath, in which the descending galvanic current was used. As a result, he slept well that night. The baths were repeated on the two succeeding days, with like effect. As the disease developed however it became

?M

s alimentation, into which meat should enter largely; second, the use of tonics and stimulants to render the digestive functions more active; third, iron as a special remedy-the effect of which is often remarkable; and, fourth, a regimen calculated to increase the energy of the assimilative functions, consisting of exercise in the open air, recreation, etc." This agrees mainly with the views of other writers. It may conveniently be condensed under two heads, instead of four, namely: first, to secure for the patient appropriate food and adopt the best means to insure its assimilation; second, the administration of iron. As to the ingestion of appropriate food, open air exercise, etc., patients are of course to receive the

he only deviation from the normal that I could discover about the uterus was undue paleness of the cervical portion. Her appearance was very decidedly an?mic; features pale, flabby; lips whitish blue; physical energy much depressed. She had had but very slight loss of blood on the occasion of her recent miscarriage; certainly not enough to account for her an?mic appearance. Viewing her case as one of idiopathic an?mia, I ordered her electric baths strongly impregnated with iron. In addition to this, the regimen usual in such cases, and also strychnia and phosphorus internally. She took her

ES AND

tore the more or less impaired contractility of the paralytic or paretic muscles. Even where symptomatic treatment for these purposes is the only treatment employed in a case, we frequently meet to a great extent the indicatio morbi, by favorably influencing, either in a reflex or direct manner, the primary disease. This is true of local electrizations of the affected parts; it holds good much more strongly however of electric baths, because here, in addition to the reflex influence that we get from local applications, we have also the direct influence of the electric current on the spinal cord and posterior portion of the brain not only, but on the sympathetic system and all the important organs contained in the thoracic and abdominal cavities. The great importance of this is apparent, when we reflect that in very many if not most cases of disease of the nervous system, cen

here, as is sometimes the case, faradic irritability is extinct, or so slight as to be practically unavailable, the (slowly) interrupted galvanic current must take the place of the faradic, until

cted muscles. This was at first done daily. The contractility of the muscles gradually but slowly improved, but neither the atrophy nor temperature of the limb appeared visibly affected by the treatment. With a view to favorably influencing these conditions, I ordered him galvanic baths. He had a bath every alternate day. The result was favorable and rapid. The leg became sensibly and permanently warmer after each bath, and commenced steadily to increase in bulk. Faradic irritability soon returned. The local applications were continued several t

874. It was a routine case, differing in no respect from what is ordinarily witnessed as a sequence of cerebral hemorrhage. Six baths, taken at intervals of tw

e time from sub-paraplegia, the result of insolation. He was sent to take baths in May, 1874, b

The descending galvanic current was used for twenty minutes each bath. From half to one ounce of iodide of potassium was added to each bath. The blue line became less distinct from day to day, until, after eleven baths, it had entirely disappeared. The object for which I had ordered the b

RAL

, employed in an appropriate form and manner, is of inestimable value in many cases, and frequently succeeds where all other remedies are of no avail. Where we know the cause of a neuralgia, it is of course comparatively easy for us to determine whether or not electricity promises to avail anything. But even where the nature of the cases appeared to indicate its use, the failures, in my hands at least, have outnumbered the successes. The b

The most obstinate varieties were those of a malarial type (even when quinine in large doses or arsenic were employed in conjunction with galvanism) and those that depended on some form of chronic inflammation-neuritis, periostitis, etc. Of centr

ectricity should be employed locally or in the form of baths, must depend on the features presented by each individual case. In neuralgia of the fifth pair-excepting those reflex cases where the point d'origine is to be sought for somewhere in the trunk or extremities, and those that depend on cerebral hyper?mia or an?mia, where the equalizing effe

ity to render suggestion in this respect of any value. I will state however that, a

daily, and should not be discarded as unavailing u

, which however was sufficiently severe to disable him from pursuing his avocation. He took his first bath on the date above-mentioned. Another bath was administered next day, and three more every alterna

ed a great portion of the time. There was slight atrophy of the affected limb. He had had considerable medical (including local electrical) treatment, without avail. The baths were faithfully and persistently tried in this case, effecting however

rable gluteal atrophy on the affected side. At Dr. B.'s suggestion he took a course of electric baths, with the happiest result. He improved steadily, and on the occasion of a late inquiry after I had not seen him for some m

larly in the renal region of both sides, but also in the neighboring parts, for only one week. The case being so recent, I entertained a very f

LAR EF

e many joints are involved, the advantages over local galvanization of the baths is sufficiently obvious. Where but a single joint is involved, the current can by means of the surface board be concentrated on the affected joint, while by the general galvanization a stimulus is furnished

rface board, connected with the negative pole, should then be applied for a few minutes su

d been unable to leave the house for three months. The affected joint was very much enlarged, with little or no mobility, the condition being practically the same as true ankylosis. It was decided to substitute tonics for the specific treatment, and to administer galvanic baths. On Nov. 11th the first bath was administered, another on the 15th, and a third on the 19th. Considerable improvement in motility was then a

OTE

n I became familiarized with the effects of the baths, to have recourse to them in cases where with local electrical and other treatment I had been unable to accomplish anything. My average results, without becoming uniformly successful, became so very much better, that after a brief but abundant experience with this treatment, I have come to consider it the most important we possess in this affection; one that will frequently succeed when everything else, including local electrization, has failed, and which, in cases where no incurable organic changes underlie the affection, will, if properly persisted in, either cure or improve to a great extent a large majority of the cases. I have even seen instances where, the sexual power having receded as the legitimate result of advancing age, it returned almost or quite perfectly and with seeming permanency under the influence of the baths.

onsumed by running a galvanic current between the head electrode and the surface board, the latter applied alternately to the penis, scrotum, perineum and, where thought best, also to the lumbo-sacral region. Where, as is usual, the impotency is accompanied by a certain degree of cutaneous an?sthesia of the penis, but especially where the seminal secretion is scanty, the board should be positive (ascending current); where however nocturnal spermatorrh?a, premature discharges (before coition is possible) or other irritable phenomena characterize a case, the surface board should be negative (descending current). The head of the patient should rest on a sponge thoroughly saturated with water, and communicating with the water of the bath, so as to include the cerebellum in the direct circuit. The last five or

he conditions were merely those of sexual debility. As there is here merely a difference

For two years the power of erection as well as sexual appetite had become extinct-if we except an occasional imperfect spontaneous erection on waking up in the morning, and even this was of rare occurrence. Ord

without assignable cause, he had lost the power of erection. His general condition being, as far as discoverable, perfect in every respect, I instituted a local electrical treatment. This was continued for some time without avail. Strychnia was then administered with no better result, and

ls only, and when he did, felt exhausted the whole of the succeeding day. I ordered him electric baths. He took the first on February 22d, 1875. Between this date and March 22d, he took six baths. The sexua

TIPA

process. Sluggishness of the abdominal (portal) circulation is a not infrequent etiological concomitant of constipation, and, finally, the conditions grouped as "dyspepsia" may form the causative feature of a case. I have mentioned these different causes simply in order to account to some extent for the almost wonderful effects in this condition of electric baths. When we consider that in every one of the morbid conditions here enumera

hiefly, and to the hypogastric region. The current should a portion of the time be ascending, the rest descending. Occasionally the current should be rapidly reversed by means of the commutator, the intensity however having been previously reduced, in order to avoid too severe a shock; this will cause efficient contractions of the abdominal parietes, and probably also

very week or ten days. She was of course compelled frequently to resort to laxatives. In the fall of 1873 I ordered her electric baths. She was not very energetic in anything, and this lack of energy caused her to take the baths less frequently than I desired her to. Had she taken them regularly, she

hard and lumpy, and of an abnormally light color. A digital examination per rectum revealed considerable flaccidity. My diagnosis was paresis of the muscularis of the intestine. I ordered faradic baths. On July 12th the first bath was administered, and I must confess that the result was a perfect surprise to me. True, I had expected a cure to take place; but I had looked for gradual improvement, and was not prepared for a result such as was here obtained. From the time the first bath was taken, defecation took p

ARGY

ment. I will simply relate a case illustrative

sease, roseola appeared. The syphilis was very obstinate in this patient, compelling me to keep him under the influence of mercury for a long time. In October 1873, the patient presented himself with a very aggravated mercurial stomatitis. The customary remedies, internal as well as external, made little or no impression on the affection. On November 11th,

OTOR

ch however is not nearly as aggravated as his former condition, nor are the symptoms so pathognomonic. I had a letter from him about a week previous to my writing this, in which he states that he intends soon to come to the city for the purpose of taking another course of treatment. Even if the treatment however has n

nuary 15th. I prescribed phosphorus and cod-liver oil, and passed a strong galvanic current through the spine for probably ten minutes. January 16th, a galvanic bath was administered. Towards the close of the bath (which occupied twenty minutes), patient thought he felt some sensation in his legs. The baths were taken every two or three days, alternating with strong galvanizations of the spine. While taking his second bath, patient remarked that "his right leg felt warm for the first time in six years." The treatment as described was continued for about six weeks, during the latter part of which the local applications were gradually diminished in frequency,

nated in the treatment; and if the judgment of the patient, a very intelligent

HEX

exi?. If I do so nevertheless, it is only to be afforded the opportunity of relating the following case, which possesses sufficient interest to render its

part of the time to bed-for eight months, during the latter portion of which he had discontinued all medical treatment. It was with difficulty that, assisted by his wife, he managed to reach my office. I found him terribly enfeebled; greatly emaciated; sallow complexion. He was much annoyed by rheumatic pains, which I considered specific. His condition was so exceedingly low, that I decided to postpone all medication until he should be stronger. I ordered galvano-faradic b

lly increased, the leg at the same time becoming paretic, so that the patient required the aid of a cane for ordinary locomotion. His condition now became rapidly worse. His movements became ataxic. An?sthesia of the bladder, paresis of this and the intestine, with obstinate constipation, loss of appetite, emaciation, etc., rapidly supervened. I suspected the development of gummata on the meninges of the brain and cord, and advised him to use the inunction cure, and to remain at home until he should be well. This, on account of the business losses which it involved, he was very much averse to doing. He consequently proposed a consultation with an eminent physician, which was had. This gentleman pronounced the case one of spinal (either multiple or posterior) sclerosis, and discarded the syphilitic theory. A consultation two days subsequently with another physician had a like result. In deference to the opinion of these gentlemen, I treated the patient in accordance with their diagnosis. This was in the second week of November. The patient became rapidly worse. He soon ceased to walk-he tumbled about. After six days' treatment, considering his life in imminent danger, I reiterated my advice to institute the inunction cure, and the

PEP

s failed, that it is seldom or never that an uncomplicated case of dyspepsia applies for electrical treatment. As a rule, t

g dyspepsia was in every instance either cured or greatly ameliorated. The improvement usually begins at once-after the first or second bath, and continues steadily. As I have not had occasion to treat by means of electric baths any uncomplicated cases of dyspepsia, I can adduce none. I may s

NCHO

ondition of electric baths, came under my notice very recently. It

e. A thorough examination revealed no trouble of any of the viscera. All functions appeared normal. He had never masturbated. There were no collateral symptoms to furnish any evidence of organic cerebral trouble

ES OF THE

gestions, with vague, usually slight pains here and there, etc., etc. Where organic cardiac disease is at the bottom of the trouble, we cannot of course expect much permanent improvement. Although even here considerable relief is often afforded while the baths are being used, their discontinuance will in all probability be soon followed by a return of the former condition. Where, however, cases are not complicated by or

for a very important object. I refer to the mechanical counter-action of a sluggish circulation, through the agency of prolonged muscular contraction. This mechanical effect is not of course peculiar to the faradic current; it is shared by gymnastic and other exercises; but obtained in any other way whatsoever (with the exception, perhaps, of massage, which is however much more troublesome as well as inferior, and moreover not always admissible) it involves, in order to produce perfect results, a considerable amount of bodily exertion, often beyond the physical power of persons who are in ill health, and bringing with it the risk of positive injury, through over-exertion, which with the passive contrac

OF THE SY

rtant factor in the treatment, possessing, as they do, two advantages, viz: first, by their means, the electric influence is brought to bear-in a much less concentrated form it is true-on the entire sympathetic system, from the ganglion impar to the ganglion cervicale supremum, and, by derived currents, on the cephalic ganglia also, at one and the same time; second, the rest of the body participates in the general nutrient and tonic effects of the bath equally with the sympathetic, the latter thus receiving a reflex benefit which local applications fail to furnish. There are, moreov

the head electrode, the other to the surface board, the latter applied portion of the time to the epigastrium (solar plexus), the balance to the coccyx (ganglion impar). This will include in the direct circuit the main portion of the sympath

look; an indefinable continual sense of fear; was excessively nervous in the forepart of the day; had brief attacks of tremor-usually every alternate morning, but not typical as to time of occurrence. The history exhibited neither syphilis, malaria nor intemperance. Had never had headache. Sleep good; appetite likewise. The most pathognomonic symptom, however, related to his pulse. This was abnormally slow, ranging from 44 to 54 (the latter only when standing or after walking) per minute. It was full and regular. There was no organic heart trouble. In the absence of any other symptom whatsoever pointing to irritation of the pneumogastric or spinal accessory, I was justified in excluding this as the possible cause of the cardiac infrequency. On the other hand, the pathogenetic manifestations appeared all to point to "asthenia of the sympathetic"-at any rate the portion of this whence the cardiac nerves take their origin, and I formed my diagnosis accordingly. In the beginning, the treatment consisted of bilateral ascending (from cilio-spinal centre to both mastoid foss?) ga

uld mention ASTHENI?, ATONIC AND DEBILITATED CONDITIONS GENERALLY, including the state of CONVALESCENCE FROM ACUTE DISEASES and the DECLINE OF ADVANCING AGE; many cases of CHRONIC HEADACHE; some IN

specially call attention to the inappropriateness of deferring their employment until almost all other remedies have been exhausted; and when I reflect that pretty much all those cases that had been referred to me by other physicians had already had the doubtful benefit of almost every other conceivable treatment, while many of those who came of their own accord, had in addition made the rounds of all the quacks, and exhausted nearly all the nostrums that are to be found advertised in the columns of our daily pape

tno

ie medicinischen Wissen

experiments was that of Du Bois

e, this case has had an ent

an asterisk were published in

urrent used in the bath, it is not as a characteristic, but merely to

e Principles and Practice of Medicine. P

d Rockwell, op. c

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OUNTER IRRITANT

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