Nooks and Corners of Old New York

us service as contrasted with modern ease and elegance. The post-office occupied the building until its re

oman'

he right to make a cartway from the wall to the commons (now Cit

aiden

Path, and from that the Maiden's Lane. A blacksmith having set up a shop at the edge of the stream near the river, the locality took the name of Smit's V'lei, or the Smith's Valley, afterwards shortened

Jack

is street was opened in 1834 by Jacob S. Platt, who owned much of the neighboring land and wanted a street of his own, the house was large and squar

den

e sort of curve is seen in Maiden Lane on the south and Fulton Street on the north. The first blood of the Revolution was shed on this hill in January, 1770, after the British soldiers had cut down a liberty pole set up b

DEN

JAN. 1

TOOK PLACE

LIBERTY

EGULARS,

LOODSHE

THE REV

that many buildings crowd about it now, and mode

mon

with good eating. In 1832 he removed to 23 William Street. Burned out there in 1835, he soon opened on a larger scale with his brother at William and Beaver Streets, on which site is still an establishment und

treet

a loft at 120 William Street, then locally known as Horse and Cart Street. In 1768 the church was built in John Street. It was

treet

rough the house at No. 17 still bears evidence of the theatre. The house was closed in 1774, when the Continental Congress recommended suspension of amusements. Throughout the Revolutionary War, however, p

y a tablet at the southwest corner of Nassau a

S SITE

KESPEAR

ORGA

VENTH

GUARD,

25,

peare

by Thomas Hodgkinson, an actor, and was henceforth a meeting-place for Thespians. It was resorted to-in contrast to the business men guests of the Tontine C

Clinto

0 volumes. In 1823 the association was incorporated. It was located first in a building in Nassau Street, but in 1826 was moved to Cliff Street, and in 1830 occupied its new building in Beekman Street. De Witt Clinton, Governor of the State, had presented a History of England as the first volume

orge's

as erected in 1811. In 1814 it was burned; in 1816 rebuilt, and in 1845 removed to Rutherford Place and Sixteenth Street, where it still is. Next to the St. George Building is

m's M

P. T. Barnum brought out Tom Thumb, the Woolly Horse and many other curiosities that became celebrated. On th

l Park

extended back to the alley which has ever since been called Theatre Alley. John Howard Payne, author of "Home, Sweet Home," appeared there for the first time on any stage, in 1809, as the "Young American Ros

k Presbyte

ected in 1768. There was a small burying-ground within the shadow of its walls, and green fields stretched from

isler Wa

Leisler was called by the Committee of Safety to act as Governor. He assembled a Continental Congress, whose deliberations were cut short by the arrival of Col. Henry Sloughter as Governor. Enemies of Leisler decided on his death. The new Governor refused to sign the

any

ond leading hotel in the city, where board was $7 a week. Tammany Hall, organized in 1789 by William Mooney, an upholsterer, occupied quarters in Borden's t

bert

south corridor of the post-office b

N OF THE CIT

S BUILDING NOW

766 TO 1776

MMEMORATE THE

WAS REPEATED

F THE TORIES A

SONS OF LIBERT

WATCH AND G

ST MARTYR BLOOD

AS SHED ON J

his pole led to the b

Hal

ield In Ci

were herded. In time the clearing was called The Fields; later The Commons. On The Commons, in Dutch colonial days, criminals were executed. Still later a Potter's Field occupied what is now the upper end of the Park; above it,

was a military prison during the Revolution, and afterwards a Debtors' Prison. In 1830 it became the Register's Office

Commons in 1775, close by Broadway, on a line wi

City

nor's

he most noted spot in the City Hall is the Governor's Room, an apartment originally intended for the use of the Governor when in the city. In time it became the municipal portrait gallery, and a reception room for the distinguished guests of the city. The bodies of Abraham Lincoln and of John Howard Payne lay in state in this room. With it is also associated the visit of Lafayette when he returned to this country in 1824 and made the room his reception headquarters. The room

he front wall of City H

POT IN THE

ORGE WA

CLARAT

PEND

D AND P

T

ICAN

9TH

Saving

ourt House, occupied in 1817 by the American, or Scudder's Museum, the first in the city. The Chambers Street Bank, the first bank for savings in the city, opened in the basement of the Institute building in 1818. In 1841 Philip Hone wa

f City H

ted from England, were set up, with four marble pillars at the southern entrance. The next year trees were set out within the enclosure, and just within the railing were planted a number of rose-bushes which had been supplied by two ladies who had an eye to landscape garde

althy proprietor of the Café des Mille Colonnes on Broadway at Duane Street. He lost his fortune in the operatic venture and became a bartender. In 1848 the house became Burton's Theatre. About 1

of Aa

, about which hover memories of Aaron Burr. It was here he had a law office in 1832, and here when he was seventy-eight years

toric

d window. This is the last trace of a sugar-house, which, during the Revolutionary War, was used as a British military prison. The

ombs

Co

ow to the end of Canal Street on the west side. The Collect was the centre of this stretch, with a stream called the Wreck Brook flowing from it across a marsh to the East River. At a time near the close of the eighteenth century a drain was cut from the Collect to the North River, on a line with the present Ca

ive P

e the gathering-point for criminals and degraded persons of both sexes and of all nationalities, a rookery for thieves and murderers. Its history began more than a century and a h

ry Ben

ame, as the park does now, from Mulberry Street, which on one side of it makes a deep and sudden bend. In this slum block the houses were three deep in places, with scarcely the suggestion of a courtyard between them. Narrow alleys, hardly wide enough to permit the passage of a man, led between houses to beer cellars, stables and time-blackened, tumbledown teneme

ng the moral and physical condition of the people of the vicinity. The institution devoted to thi

cient

in 1815; rebuilt 1819, and sold in 1853 to the Church of the Transfiguration, which has occupied it since. This last church had previously been in Chambers Street, and before that it had occupied several quarters. It was founded in 1827, and is the fourth oldest c

ham

tered about Fort Amsterdam. The road that stretched the length of the island in 1647 formed

he earliest settlement in the direction of these bouweries, which had even a suggestion of permanency, was on a hill which had once been an Indian outlook, close by the present Chatham Square. E

which cattle wandered and were lost. Then the future Chatham

erie

was used for the passage of both armies. At that period the highway changed from the

ing

nt Chatham Square. Travelers who left the city by this road parted with their friends on t

he aldermen of the city changed the name to Park Row, and in so doing seemed to stamp approval of an event just one hundred years before which had stirred

Wate

Street. The water was supplied from the Collect and was considered of the rarest quality for the making of tea. Up to

Charlott

ne of Mrs. Rowson's "Tale of Truth," whose sorrowful life was held up as a moral lesson a generation ago, had lived fi

Head

rs before 1763. It was frequented by drovers and butchers, and was the most popular tavern of its kind in the city for many years. Washingto

Bowery

that had such a large following that the theatre obtained a national reputation. Many celebrated actors appea

wall and iron fence, is still to be seen a few steps from Chatham Square. The first synagogue of the Jews was in Mill Street (now South William). The graveyard mentioned was the first one used by this congregation, and

's Home on

e (then St. George Square) and Cherry Street. A portion of the East River Bridge structure rests on the site. Pearl Street, passing the house, was a main thoroughfare in th

FI

ENTIAL

CHERRY

UPI

E WAS

PRIL 2

RUARY

TED

ON COLONIAL C

L 30

t, which is hemmed in by tenement-houses which the Italian population crowd in almost inconceivable numbers. At the top of the hill, where these Italians drag out a crowded existence, Richard Sackett, an

gin of

land branched out from Bowling Green. It took the line of what is now Broadway, and durin

ccident than design, for to all appearances the road which turned to the east was to be the main artery

rst Gr

graveyard of the city was situated. It was removed and the ground sold at auction in 1676, when a plot was acquir

st Hous

roadway there is fixed a table

MARKS THE

TATIONS OF

SLAND OF

AN B

R OF THE

RE FOUR HO

VESSEL W

MBER

RESTLESS, THE

OPEANS IN T

LESS WAS

SPRING

discovery. The "Tiger" took fire in the night while anchored in the bay, and Block and his crew reached the shore with difficul

the Macomb's Mansion, moving there from the Franklin

Pot

Amsterdam became New York, and for a hundred years has been called Tin Pot Alley. With the growth of the city the little lane came near being crowded out, and the name, not bei

urch was completed in 1808, and was there until 1846, when the present structure was erected at Broadway and Tenth Street. Upon the Rector S

y Chur

t of land, granted to the Trinity Corporat

e Jans

west of Broadway. This last was given by the company, in 1635, to Roelof Jansz (contraction of Jannsen), a Dutch colonist. He died the following year, and the farm became the property of his wife, Annetje Jans. (In the feminine, the z being omitted, the form became Jans.) The farm was sold t

Annetje Jans for the first time decided that they had yet some interest in the farm, and made an unsuccessful prote

not until the greater part of available land on the east side of the island was built upon that the church propert

he Trinity graveyard of to-day. The waving grass extended to a bold bluff overlooking Hudson River, which was about where Greenwich Street now

e In Trinit

left of the first path. It is that of a child, and is marked with a sandstone slab, with a skull,

.

YES . TH

CHARD .

N . OF

VRCHER

HE . 5 O

OF . AG

5 .

nothing of the

that countless eyes have looked at throug

DNEY,

THOU

ERE

IME IS

S EXT

tish army-Sydney Breese, who wrote his epitaph and direc

Charlot

n the ground and each year sinking deeper into the earth. It was placed there by on

in the colony and was printer to the Colonial Government for fifty years. He was ninety-two years old when he died in 1752. The original stone was

r's M

ds, together with a large section of the western part of the city, was burned in 1776 when the British army occupied the city. During the next seven years the only burials in the graveyard wer

yard Cry

stone so near the fence that its i

E L

ED THE

S LE

RTED THI

AY OF SEPT

38

iption are cut thes

iliar to school children. In its solution

rom the design, and each section used instead of th

guished by dots; one dot being placed with the lines of the first series; two dots with the second, but none with

Cornbury, who was Governor of New York in 1702. He was a grandson of the Earl of Clarendon, Prime Minister of Charles II; and son of that Earl of Clarendon who w

r Hamilt

s conspicuously in the southern half of the churchyard, about forty f

in a duel with George L. Eacker, a young lawyer, when the two disagreed over a political matter. Three years later Eacker di

end Of A

in death so close to his friend's great enemy. He went to the Jersey shore in a row-boat with Burr on the day the duel was fought with Hamilton, and stood not far away with Dr. Hosack to awa

apt. Jame

annon, first attract the eye. These cannon, selected from arms captured from the English in the War of 1812, are buried deep, according to the directions of the Vestry of Trinity, in order that the national insignia, and the inscription telling of the place and time of capture, might be hidden and no evidence of triumph paraded in that place-where all are equal, where peace

dict of Nantes to be buried in the city. There are many Huguenot memorials in the churchyard, the oddest being a tombstone wi

the Indi

hurch, to the north,

EMOR

AEL

CAPTAI

BATT

COLONEL T

ARTED T

8, A.

exterminated the family of Logan, the Indian chief, "the friend of the white man." Many a boy, who in school declaimed, unthinkingly, "Who is there to mourn for Logan? Not one!" grown to manhood, can

lose by the grave of Cap

H YE BODY

OF ELIAS

OF ROCHELLE

R 1660, W

25 DAY O

60 YEARS."

E BODY OF

IN NEW YOR

YE PROVINCE

E IN YE

ED THIS LI

1722 AGED

IPTION WAS

HEIR DESCE

ION, ELIZAB

IDOW OF

. PERRY, O

ANNO DOMI

nd that among his descendants are the Belmonts and a dozen distinguished families. Before coming to Ameri

De Lancy

as Chief Justice of the Colony of New York in 1733, and Lieutenant-Governor in 1753. He died suddenly in 1760 at his countr

The De

t his Broad Street house for the new home he had built at Broadway and Cedar Street in 1730. In 1741, at his death, it became the property of his son, James, the Lieutenan

known under many names. It was a favorite place for British officers during the Revolution,

its site and became the most fashionable in town. It was removed in 185

3 Broadway, corner of Cedar St

SI

E. DE LANC

HE CITY

THAT THE NON

N OPPOSITION

NED, OCT. 15

ANY PROPRIET

SUCCESSIVEL

N AS THE PROV

BURNS COFFEE H

etached building 42 x 25 feet. It was the "up-town market," patronized by the wealthy, w

ngton

and ships sailed to it to deliver their freight. Since then the water has been crowded back year by year with the

aul's

er, and the steeple added in 1794. It fronted the river which came up then as far as to where Greenwich Street is now, and a grassy lawn sloped down to a beach of pebbles. During the d

gton Pew i

e in St. Paul's, and thereafter attended regularly. The pew he occupied has been preserved and is still to be seen next the north wall

ds!" Congress decided on the monument, and Benjamin Franklin bought it in France for 300 guineas. A privateer bringing it to this country was captured by a British gunboat, which in

story: Dr. William James Macneven, who raised chemistry to a science; Thomas Addis Emmet, an eminent jurist and brother of Robert Emmet; Christoph

or Cook

ing the main door of the church. Cooke was born in England in 1756, and died in New York in 1812

the eldest son of Alexander Hamilton in

or

Liberty Street, there was a farm house on the Astor House site; and from there extended, on the Broadway line, a rope-walk. Prior to the erection of the hotel in 1830, the site for the most part had been occupied by the homes of John Jacob Astor, John G. Coster and David Lydig. On a

of Oth

ate of 1832, which took part in the Croton water parade and a dozen other celebrations. In pre-revolutionary days, when the ground where the building stands was all Hudson River, and the water extended as far as

d To Gr

, was a marshy tract known as Lispenard's Meadows. Over this swamp Greenwich Road crossed on a raised causeway. When the weather was bad for any length of time, the road became heavy and in p

ter's

atholic congregation in the city, was built in 1786, and rebuilt in 1838. The congregation was formed in

bia C

State. In 1814, in consideration of lands before granted to the college which had been ceded to New Hampshire in settlement of the boundary, the college was granted by the State a tract of farming land known as the Hosack Botanical Garden. This is the twenty acres lying between Forty-seventh and Forty-ninth Streets, Fifth and Sixth Avenues. At that time the city extended but little above the City Hall Park, and this land was unprofitable and for many years of considerable expense to the college. By 1839

el P

widened south of Chambers Street, in order to relieve the great traffic from the north, and extended through the block from Barclay to Greenwich Street. Evidence of the former existence of the

Garden And F

he Garden stood was a leasehold on the Church Farm. The place was given the name of the Vauxhall Garden before the middle of the same century, and for forty years thereafter was a fashionable resort and sought to be a copy of the Vauxhall in London. There was dancing and music, and groves dimly lighted wher

tewart'

year Stewart, having purchased the site from the heirs of John G. Coster, began the construction of his store. Stewart came from Ireland in 1823, at the age of twenty. For a time after his arrival he was an assistant teacher in a public school. He opened a small dry goods store, and was successful. The Broadway store was opened in 1846. Four years later Stewart extended his building so that it reached Rea

et. A Frenchman stationed himself at this corner in 1828, and sold chestnut

nes, the proprietor of which, F. Palmo, afterwards buil

Sewing

sat in the window to exhibit the working of the invention to passers-by. It was regarded as an impracticab

nic

an published his book which claimed to reveal the secrets of masonry. His mysterious disappearance followed, and shortly after, the rise of the anti-Masonic party and popular excitement put masonry under such a ban that the house was sold by the Order, and the name of the building was changed to Gothic Hall. On the second floor

ork H

d been projected before the War of the Revolution. The building was completed about 1775. During the war it was used as a barrack. In 1791 it was opened for the admission of patients. On the lawn, which extended to Broadway, various soci

Fifth Wa

ses-pictures of statesmen, uniforms of the soldiers of all nations, Indian war implements, famous belongings of celebrated men, as well as such simple curiosities as a two-headed calf. On Franklin Street, before Riley's door, was a marble statue minus a head, one arm and sundry other parts. It was all that remained of the statue of the Ear

s commemorated by a tablet on a warehouse at 2

HE LANDIN

GEORGE W

25,

WAY TO

COM

ERICAN

ohn's

blished for the exclusive use of residents whose houses faced it. Before it was established, the place had been a sandy beach that stretched to the river. The locality became the most fashionable of the city in 1825. By 1850 there

arefully guarded now, much more so than was the entire beautiful tract. It forms a triangle and is fenced in by an iron railing, with one gate, that is

Red

promenade of the city next to the Battery Walk. It led directly to the Red Fort at the river. The fort was some distance from the shore. It was built earl

ard's

on Br

ecause of the foul gases which abounded. It seemed to be a worthless tract. About the year 1730, Anthony Rutgers suggested to the King in Council that he would have this land drained and made wholesome and useful provided it was given to him. His argument was so strong and sensible that the land-seventy acres, now in the business section of the city-was given him and he improved it. At the northern edge of the improved waste lived Leonard Lispenard, in a farm house which was then in a northern suburb of the city, bounded by what is Hudson, Canal and Vestry Stre

l St

the extension of Canal Street, as a canal, from river to river. The street took its name naturally from the little stream which was called a canal. When the street was filled in and improved, the stream was continued through a sewer

rcus was opened. In 1827 this was converted into a theatre called

Olympic

s of a high order of merit by an exceptionally good company. The latter included besides Blake, Mrs. Maeder and George Barrett. After a few months of struggle against unprofitable business, prices were lowered. Litt

hn Littlefield, a corn doctor, set up a place, designating himsel

In 1852 the house was opened, September 8, as Wallack's Lyceum, having been acquired by James W. Wallack. Wallack ended his career as an actor in

half its course through the block, the alley is broken by an intersecting space between houses-a space that is taken up by push carts, barrels, tumbledown wooden balconies and lines of drying clothes. "Murderers' Row" is celebrated in police annals as a crime centre. But the evil doers were dri

wich

It was an Indian village, clustering about the site of the present West Washington Mar

height of a hundred feet, while to the south was a marsh tenanted by wild fowl and crossed by a brook flowing from the north. It was this Manetta brook which was to mark the boundary of Greenwich Village when Governor Kieft set aside the land as a bouwerie for the Dutch West India Company.

eter

when Sir Peter Warren, later the hero of Louisburg, married Susannah D

to make Greenwich a thriving suburb instead of a struggling village. Twenty thousand persons fled the city, the greater number settling in Greenwich. Banks, public offices, stores of every

of Greenwi

ing streets were lengthened, footpaths and alleys were widened, but all was done without any regard to regularity. The result was

village was swallowed up by the city. But it was not swallowed up so completely but t

dge of Lispenard's Meadows. It was like the modern road-house. Greenwich Road was close to it, and pleasure-se

Street

tructure, half church, half business building. This is the successor of the North Church, the North River Church and the Duane Street Church

ch, which was built in 1825. Before its erection the "old" Spring Str

mond

chmond Hill, the block encircled by Macdougal, Charlton, Varick and Vandam St

h afterwards became Greenwich Village, kept close to the water's edge, a line of low sand hills called the Zandtberg, stretched their curved way

t of land, was purchased by Abraham Mortier, commissioner of the forces of George III

r's

, entertained lavishly there, improved the grounds, constructed an artificial lake long known as Burr's Pond, and set up a beautiful entrance

e was lowered and rested on the north side of Charlton Street just east of Varick. It became a theatre l

's Buryi

Burying-Ground. Its early limits extended to Carmine Street on one side and to Morton Street on the other. Under the law burials ceased there about 1850. There were 10,000 burials in the

e property was bought. Relatives of the dead were notified and some of the bodies were removed. In September, 1897, the actual work of transforming the graveyard into a park was begun. Labore

Street

uced somewhat in 1830 when the church was enlarged, and wiped out when the land became valuable and the present structure was set up in 1840. The church was built

s Paine Liv

ks, "The Age of Reason," favoring Deism against Atheism and Christianity; and "Common Sense," maintainin

3 Bleecker Street, southeast corner Barrow. This last named street was not opened until shortly after Paine's death. It was first called Re

by field. Grove Street now passes over the site which is between Bleecker and West F

Street, then Columbia, then Burrows, and finally, in 1829, was changed to Grove. When the street

arren and

een fields, and for more than a century it was the most important dwelling in Greenwich. Admiral Warren of the British Navy was, next to the Governor, the most important person in the Province. His house w

ah, the youngest, married William Skinner, a Colonel of Foot. These marriages had their effect also on Greenwich Village, serving to continue the prosperity of the place. Roads which le

ren represented the City of Westminster in Pa

e Pr

for the most part, occupied by a brewery, but traces of the prison walls are yet to be seen in those of the brewery. There was a wharf at the foot of Christopher Street. In 1826 the prison was purchased

ict

he first system of prison manufactures was organized. A convict named Noah Gardner, who was a shoemaker, induced the prison offi

owing to the difficulty of keeping them under proper discipline under the new conditions. In 1799 cam

r, and sentenced to life imprisonment. Because of his services in organizing the prison work, he was liberated after serving seven years. Becoming

es in Wieha

the low buildings at the west side of nearby Wiehawken Street. These buildings

ed at the point where West Eleventh Street crosses West Fourth Street. At this juncture was a cornfield on which, in two days, a hotel c

k S

f yellow fever, and the officials decided to take precautions in case of the bank being quarantined at a future time. Eight lots

ngton

hased by the city for this purpose in 1789, and the pauper gra

a Street and on to the river. In 1795, during a yellow fever epidemic, the field was used as a common graveyard. In 1797 the pauper graveyard which had been in the

rk at Forty-second Street and Sixth Avenue. In 1827, three and one half acres

isk

ove Fifteenth Street. This road, established through the fields in 1768, was called Greenwich Lane. It was also known as Monument Lane and Obelisk Lane. A small section of it still exists in Astor Place from Bowery to Broadway. A larger section is Greenwich Avenue from Eighth to Fourteenth S

d In a S

nd railing, behind which can be seen several battered tombstones in a triangular plot of

At the southwest corner of this junction the course of the lane can be seen yet in the peculiar angle of the side wall of a building there, and in a similar angle of other houses near by. Close by this corner the s

gan's

enth Street was cut through under the conditions of the City Plan, in 1830, it passed directly through the graveyard, cutting it away so

on

g a direct communicating line between Skinner and Southampton Roads. Skinner Road, running from Hudson River along the line of the present Christopher Street, ended where Union

houses numbered 43 and 45. It was just at this point that Milligan's Lane ended. On Thirteenth Stre

esbyteri

regation worshipped in a school house in Cedar Street. They soon after built their first church at Nos. 39 and 41 Chambers Street, where the American News Company building is now. It was a frame building, and was succe

ty Li

. It is certainly the most interesting in historical associations, richness of old literature and art works. It is the direct outcome of

y already in existence, was called the City Library. The Board of Trustees consisted of the most prominent m

s parts of the city and again collected in the City Hall. In 1784 the members of the Federal Congress deliberated in the library rooms. In 1795 the library was moved to Nassau

Kiln

Kiln Road ended. Its continuation was called Southampton Road. From that point it continued to Nineteenth St

Seventh Avenue and Fifteenth Street. Here, also, it has a marked effect on the east wall of St. Joseph's Home for the Aged. The first-mentioned hous

ers'

nteenth Street and Sixth Avenue. The evidence of its passage is still to be seen in the tiny wooden houses buried in the centre of the block, which are remnants of a row ca

's second daughter, who married Charles Fitz

d Behind

e Shearith Israel Synagogue. The graveyard cannot be seen from the street, but from the rear windows of a n

re made in this spot until 1852, when the cemetery was removed to Cypress Hills, L. I., the Common Council having in that year prohibited burials within the city limits. But though there were no

e L

se on the line of the present Twenty-first Street from what is now Broadway to Eighth Avenue. It was the northern limit of

daughters of the Admiral, two roads, the Southampton and th

There is no record to show where the name came from. The generally accepted idea is that being a quiet and little traveled spot, it was looked upon as a lane where happy couples might drive, far from the city, and amid green fields and statel

m the oldest daughter of Admiral Warr

55, small and odd appearing, are more closely identified with the lane. When built, these houses were conspicuous and alone, at the jun

Avenue, the house with the gable roof is one that also stood on t

previous to the laying out of the streets under the City Plan in 1811, Love Lane was continued to Hudson River. Before it reach

ea Vi

hich the streets were mapped out in 1811, there is still a suggestion of it in the green lawns and gray buildings of the General Theologica

d, as streets are now, at the south side of Twenty-third Street, about two hundred feet west of Ninth Avenue, on a hill that sloped to the river. The captain had hoped to die in his retreat, but his home was burned to the ground during his severe illness, and he died in the home of his nearest neighbor. Soon after his de

These are approximately the bounds of Chelsea Village which grew up around the old Chelsea homestead. It came to be a thriving village

on T

d into it so perfectly that there is not an imperfect street line to tell where the village had been and where the city joined it. There are houses of the old village still standing; no

ion by Clement C. Moore, and was long called Chelsea Square. The cornerstone of the

ad grown up around him, who wrote the child's poem which will be r

I

I

reet Bapt

rebuilt in 1800, and again in 1819. Later it was burned, and finally restored in 1843. The structure is now occ

m Square to Madison Street-was called Fayette Str

. James Street. The chan

4, on the southeast corner of Madison Street. Prior to that,

son

the objectionable character of its inhabitants,

mptied into the East River between what afterward became Roosevelt Street and Houston Street. A wet meadow, rather t

han Hale

rm extended from that point in all directions. On a tree of this farm Nathan Hale, the martyr spy of the Revolution, was hanged, September 22,

s. It is a low rock structure. A bit of green, a stunted tree and some shrubs still struggle through the bricks at the rear of the church, and ca

Teneme

cluded Corlears Hook Park. It was four stories in height, and arranged for one family on each floor. It was built by Thomas Price, an

ly known as Mount Pitt. On this hill the building occupied by

re with brick front and back. In 1826 it was in Sheriff, between Broome and Delancey Streets. It had the first Roman

t River Bridge, at the foot of Delancey

ttan

tory under the names of Manhattan Island and Island of Manhattan. The two is

he place was a veritable island. There seems to be still a suggestion of it in the low buildings which occupy the ground of the former island. About the ancient boundary, a

ame applied to the land occupied by the old C

s still to be seen the remains of a slanting-roofed market, closed in by the houses which have

e A

l known in police history for a generation, was effaced. On the west side of Willett Street, midway of the block, Bone Alley had its start and extended sixty feet into the block-a twenty-five-foot space between tall tenements, running plump into a row of houses extending horizontal with it. When these houses were erected they each had l

od, drinkable water at the point where R

r Mand

and friend of all the criminal class, compelled, in a sense, the admiration of the police, who for years battled in vain to outwit her cleverness. When the play, "The Two Orphans," was first produced, Mrs. Wilkins, as the "Frochard," copie

he streets exist now, it crossed Stanton Street, near Clinton; Houston, at Sheriff; Second, near Housto

eet Memor

ich was built in 1810, is two blocks away, in Allen Street, between Delancey and Rivington Streets. It was rebuilt in 1836, and when

s, the Essex Market was built in 1818. The court

ne On th

ieutenant-Governor. A lane led from the Bowery, close by the milestone, to his country house, which was at the present northwest corner of Delancey and Chrystie Streets. It was in this house that he died suddenly in 1760. James De Lancey was the eldest son of Etienne (Stephen) De Lancey, who built the hou

ult of the Bayard family, it having been the custom of early settlers to

trick'

s and great primitive trees. This region was so wild that in 1820 a fox was killed in the churchyard. In 1866 the interior of the church was destroyed by fire. It was at on

rner, the house in which President James M

solve

Edgar Allan Poe material for his story "The Mystery of Marie Roget," into which he introduced every detail of the actual happening. Mary Rogers was a saleswoman in the tobacco store, and being young and pretty she attracted considerable attention.

Niblo opened his Garden, Hotel and Theatre, to be known for many years thereafter as Nibl

o's

e Street, in 1852, at a cost of a million dollars. The theatre in the hotel building was called

y, in a modest brick house, lived, at one

eene's theatre. On March 1, 1858, Polly Marshall made her first appear

832, which was four hundred and forty-eight feet deep, and

ler

on September 22, 1852, when ten years old, giving evidence of her future greatness.

afarge House, which stood next it, was also burned. The house was rebuilt on the site, and op

ica at this house, September 3, 1855. L

ble-Front

hey were called the Marble Houses, and attracted much attention. Being far out of the city, excursio

827, it being thought that enough water for the supply of the immediate n

ell

the murder, Mrs. Cunningham claimed a widow's share of the Doctor's estate, on the ground that she had been married to him some months before. This claim started an investigation, which resulted in Mrs. Cunningham's being suspected of the crime, arrested, tried and acquitted. Soon after her acquittal, she attempted to secure control of the entire Burdel

ime the change in names was made the street was raised. Between Broadway and the Bowery had been a wet tr

eet, was moved in October, 1897, to Twenty-first Street and Fourth Avenue, and called The Ba

e Cem

age is another gate of wood set in a brick wall, so high that nothing but the tops of trees can be seen beyond it. From the upper rear windows of the neighboring tenements a view of the place can be had. It is a wild spot, four hundred feet by one hundred, covered by a tangled growth of bushes and weeds, crossed by neglected paths, and enclosed by a wall seventeen feet high. There is no sign of a tombstone. In the southwest corner is a deadhouse of rough hewn stone. On the south wall the names of vault owners are chiseled. Among these were some of the best known New Yorkers fif

nd Marbl

in a vault of the First Presbyterian Church at 16 Wall Street. When that church was removed to Fifth Avenue and Twelfth Street the remains of Lenox with others were removed to this Marble Cemetery. The body of President James Monroe was first interred here, but was removed in 1859 to Virginia. Thomas Addis Emmet, the famous jurist, is also buried here. One o

school. There were fifteen hundred bodies in the yard, but they were not removed to Evergreen Cemetery until 1860. Only fifteen bodies were claimed by relative

he congregation having previously worshipped in private houses in the vicinity. At one

rie V

time, trouble with the Indians, the Governor ordered the dwellers on his bouwerie, as well as those on adjoining bouweries, to form a village and gather there for mutual protection at the first sign of an outbreak. Very soon the settlement included a blacksmith's shop, a tavern and a dozen houses. In this way the Bouwerie Village was started. Peter Stuyvesant in time built a chapel, and in it Hermanus Van Hoboken, the schoolmaster, after whom the city of Hoboken is named, preached. Years after the founding of the village, when N

Peter S

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an of Trinity Church, gave the site and surrounding lots, together with $2,000, and the Trinity Corporation added $12,500, and erected the present St. Mark's Church. The cornerstone was laid in 1795 and the building completed in 1799. It had no steeple until 1829, when that portion was added. In 1858 the porch was added. In the churchyard were bur

a garden near his Bouwerie Village house. This tree flourished for more than two hundred years. A

S CORN

UYVESANT'

TO HOLLAN

IS R

HT THE P

PLAN

S MEM

," SAID H

REMEM

TREE FL

E FRUIT

NDRED

ET IS PLA

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NEW

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Sunday

om of John Coutant's house, on the site where Cooper Institute stands now. The room was used as a shoe store during the week. Here, on Sundays, ministers from the John Street Church instructed converts. Peter Cooper, w

Village

Avenues. The street was named after Nicholas William Stuyvesant. When the old John Street Church was taken down, in 1817, the timber from it was used to erect a church next to the Sunday School (called the Academy). This church was called the Bowery Village Church. In 1830, the Bowery Village Church having been wiped out by the advancing streets of the City Plan, Nich

Vauxhal

renchman named Delacroix, who had previously conducted the Vauxhall Garden on the Bayard Estate, close by the present Warren and Greenwich Streets. During the next eight years Delacroix transformed his newly-acquired possession into a pleasure garden, by erecting a small theatre and summer-house, and by setting out tables and seats under the trees on the grounds, and booths with benches around the inside close up to the high board fence that enclosed the Garden. He called the place Vauxhall, thereby causing some confusion to historian

er U

tions afforded. His store was on the site of the present building, which he founded. By a deed executed in 1859 the institution, with its incomes, he devoted to the instruction and improvement of the people of the United States forever. The institution has been taxed to its full cap

ue, stood a house which was said to have been haunted. It was demolished to make way for Cooper Union. No perman

at Eighth Street and Third Avenue. He removed in 1820 to Twenty-eigh

or

e sand hills where University Place now is, and took the line of the present Greenwich Avenue. This was also called Monument Lane, because

the east, now Stuyvesant Street, was originally Stuyvesant Road, and extended to the river at about Fifteenth Street. It was also called Ar

, of whom it was said that if anyone desired to know where Schroeder preached, he had only to follow the crowds on Sunday. But he became dissatisfied and left Trinity for a church

h Street was made a public square in 1836. In the m

orrest-Mac

s and their friends were concerned, was the cause. The admirers of Forrest sought, on this night, to prevent the performance of "Macbeth," and a riot ensued in which no particular damage was done. On May 10th, in response to a petition signed by many prominent citizens, Macready again sought to play "Macbeth." An effort was made to keep all Forrest sympathizers from the house. Many, however, gained admission, and the performance was again frustrated. The ringleaders were arrested. A great crowd blocked Asto

e, under the direction of Charles R. Thorne. In a month's time he gave up the

ton

given the name of Clinton Hall, which had been the name of the library's first home in Be

ette

pened through the Vau

e, was completed in 1853, and was op

w church was built at Seventh Street and Second Avenue in 1844. In the Lafayette Place building was a bell which had been cast in Holland in 1731, and which had firs

es of a generation ago. Her beautiful daughter was dashed from a carriage, and killed on her eighteen

ange

row is still prominent on the west side of the thoroughfare, and is known as Colonnade Row. A riot occurred at the time it was

29th, 1848, and was buried from the home of his son,

s' Snu

t. Randall dying in 1801, bequeathed the farm for the founding of an asylum for superannuated sailors, together with the mansion house in which he had lived. The house stood, approximately, at the present northwest corner of Ninth Street and Broadway. It was the intention of Captain Randall that the Sailors' Snug Harbor should be built on the property, and the farming land used to raise all vegetables, fruit and grain necessary for the inmates. There were long years of litigation, ho

arm adjoined the Sailors' Snug Harbor property, had a homestead directly in the line of the proposed street, between Fourth Avenue and Broadway. He resisted the attempted encroachment on his home

e Ch

1846. Previous to that date it had been on the southwest co

esent Seventeenth Street it turned and took a direct course north and was from thereon called the Bloomingdale Road. This road to Bloomingdale was opened long before Broadway, and it was in order to let the latter

res. It had a capacity of 230,000 gallons, and was one hundred feet above tide water. Water was forced into it by a 12-horse power e

ck's

new Wallack's, now the Star Theatre, at Thirteenth Street and Broadway. His last appeara

n Sq

fresh air would be needed when the city should be built up. Furthermore, the union of so many roads intersecting at that point required space for conve

for the first time in 1842, on the occas

e Army when he entered the city on Evacuation Day, November 25, 1783. The statue is the work of Henry K. Brown. The dedication oc

my of

permanent home for opera. On October 2nd of that year, Hackett took his company, headed by Grisi and Matio, there, th

nth Streets, is an old milestone which marked t

has existed since 1860. In 1775 it was in Pearl Street, near Franklin Squar

orge's

enth Street, was built in 1845. The church was organized in 17

eenth Street and Second Avenue, to First Avenue and Nineteenth Street, having an outlet into

ercy

n 1831 it was given by Samuel B. Ruggles to be used exclusively by the owners of lots fronting on it. It was laid out

ERCY

NDE

L B.