Seven Legs Across the Seas

h an aisle at the side, similar to that of Great Britain, is in use. Meter gauge-3 feet 6 inches-is the standard of that country, 14 inches narrower than what is known as "standar

are the outside end ones. Most travelers have seats reserved, in some instances a week in adva

ght inches wide, three inches thick, and filled with hot water. The foot-warmer is all right when there are but two persons in a compartment, or when two foot-warmers are supplied and four persons occ

ake six in all-three on each side. These berths, or sleeping shelves, are two feet wide and upholstered. Travelers generally carry with them a cushion and blanket, or rug, as it is termed, which is used for sleeping purposes. The bedding furnished by the railway cost 60 cents. If one is traveling two nights in succession the bedding is rolled up by a steward in the morning and put on the top shelf of the compartment, where it remains during the day, and is taken down the second night for use. Sixty cents for two nights-30 cents a night. Meals on the train are very reasonable. Breakfast and luncheon costs 50 cents and dinner 60 cents. So, paying

Some cultivated land is seen from the train, but grassy, timberless hills, with smoke and flames

n addition, one finds a small museum, botanical garden and good city parks, an electric railway system and a good railway station. One is surprised wh

erection of the church. Retief and some of his followers had been led to believe that Dingaan wished to make friends of them. While in the king's kraal, they were seized and massacred. Andries Pretorius, with 450 men, some months later, started on an expedition to avenge the massacre. Religious services were held every day during the march of the expedition, and a vow was made by Pretorius' party that, if they came out victorious in battle with the bloodthirsty and perfidious Zulu king, a church to the honor of God would be erected. Pretorius and his burghers met the Zulu forces

which contain rich land. They have a king, and are said to be wealthy. Europeans cannot travel in Basutoland without permission from the ruler or some high native officer. A large amoun

e Boer war. Historical Majuba Hill next comes in view, with Mount Prospect opposite. A tunnel has been bored through the land lying between Majuba and Mount Prospect, known as Laing's Nek. We travel over rough territory for a while, t

stranger would reply. "Luncheon is ready" announced a train steward just then as he passed the compartment. "Let's go and sc

l Province, Natal Province and the Orange Free State. Th

row from two to three feet, their legs in keeping with the long horns, but their bodies are narrow and of light weight. The most productive feature of the veld were ant-hills,

back to a straight line. When the railway was built the contractors were paid by the mile. Were the road constructed on ordinary scientific lines, the dis

the highlands of the Transvaal. We had traveled to over 6,000 feet above sea level. Objects in the distance

ohannesburg!" a tr

e buildings, five to eight stories in height, of stone, brick, and steel, some of them a city block square in dimension, with arcades leading from one street to another; large plate glass windows where goods are attractively displayed; elevators and steam heat appliances-all c

ch-how much-how much?" the auctioneer starts with his glib sale talk. The articles to be sold may be crates of oranges, bunches of bananas, a crate of chickens, geese, hares, wild fowl, pumpkins, toma

the world," he continued, "the lost tribe cropped up in the Transvaal and that fellow is one of them." The buyer was engaged in a controversy with the old dealer, the point at issue hinging on one ch

ground in the market. Meat from these animals is sold as venison. Seeing these beasts of the plains stretched out in plain view, about which most people read but d

ms, in a great many instances, are located long distances from large towns. Time saving is not a factor in a great many sections of the sub-continent. The oxen plod slowly along an unkept road, always preceded by a kafir, who guides the caravan by rhinoceros-hide strips attached to the horns of the leading team. After traveling about three hours, a stop ("outspan") is made for the cattle to feed, as grass grows bountifully on the veld. So, allowing time for "outspanning" and "i

indicates the wealth of the gold city on the high veld. There are over 800 automobiles and the same number

of the Reef, and "Witwatersrand" is used when spea

ist the ore from thousands of feet underground to the stamp mills at the top; great dirt heaps-cyanide banks, as they are termed-circle about and wall in thrifty mining towns, that are not seen until a train stops at a railway station; monster stamp mills, whose crushing machinery resembles the roar of a sea beating on

ring which the Boer war was being fought, the output increased until it has reached the e

r Corn (top); Africa

h Af

umulated, the stamps cease working, and the residue is scraped off the zinc. The scrapings look like thick black mud. The sediment then goes through a drying process. The dried chunks of gold "mud" are next put in a kettle, or retort, and melted. Borax is tossed into the hot metal, which separates impurities from the gold, the precious metal remaining at the bottom of the kettl

t wide, composed of five compartments. The floors of these tanks are covered with 8 inches of zinc shavings. The liquid slowly passes from one compartment to another. Any gold contained in the chemical solution adheres to the zinc shavings. The shavings are then taken from the tank and put in a retort. At the same time sulphuric acid is placed in the retort, which ca

e miner at $5 a day. Contract miners, however, earn as much as from $200 to $300 a month; but the average wage of the Rand miner is $160 a

s provided, a place to make a fire, and food is furnished. They are not allowed outside the enclosure at night, but on Sundays and holidays most of them are free. Tact has to be exercised whe

vening, it would result in their complete demoralization, for the crafty gentry would succeed in getting bad whisky or vicious rum into the com

any failed to pay the bonus, it would thereafter get very few "boys" from that trader's district. In thickly populated centers like Kaffraria a dealer may control as many as 1,000 natives. In such instances companies pay him an income of from $100 to $125 a month, in addition to the $15 a head, in order to keep in his good graces. If a "boy" should engage to work for the shorter term-six months-and rehire at the end of the term, the trader from whose district the kafir originally came would be sent an additi

es. This is but one European graveyard, as there are several smaller burying places in the Johannesburg district. Besides those in which only Dutch and English are buried, there are Jewish,

ng out of the hundreds of smokestacks on the great Gold Reef, and at the gray-colored cyanide banks that half encircle the city of Johannesburg. These unbroken rows of freshly dug

the reader may a

uring working hours. Respirators, a device covering the nose and mouth, having a sponge at the mouth, and two openings at the side covered with a fine wire screen to admit of air, are worn by some of the workers, but, as

raamfontein Cemetery, carved in granite, most of the ages are found to be in

ork, and not connected with the mines in any capacity, also become affected with phthisis. As on American prairies, the wind blows on t

e seen at cemetery gates all the time

s today?" was asked of a native

coming now," he answere

e of the body considerably. Two corpses rest on the bottom of a grave. Six inches of dir

four natives. The owners of the mines at which the natives had worked must pay this burial charge. Deaths of natives are

nted with white or black cockades, drawn by horses of the same color; clergymen, their heads bowed and reading from books, with groups of veiled peop

, which accounted for so many open graves. As they were sure to be ne

every turn in the Gold City. Where the "Don't Spit!" sign appears freq

parts of the world. The soil being hard, the rain, coming in showers, flows off as it does on paved streets. As

ly notices. In Johannesburg good, wide walks may be practically free of pe

when speaking of Johannesburg. When one hears another say "Johannesbu

n in the coast cities. Boarding houses charge from $35 to $40 a month; hotel accommodation is expensive, too, the cheapest costing $3 a day; rooms cost $1.25 a day in all the hotels. Six cents is the least sum for any small article. A newspaper costs six cents

numerous. Americans, up to the time of the Boer War, held high positions with mining companies, but they have been

are bars better patronized. A glass of beer costs 12 cents, and stronger drinks 24 cents. The barmaid, a woman engaged tending bars in public dr

people used to attend. Games are still played at weekly intervals, but only a few attend-sometimes n

nide banks about the city, Johannesburg, as appearing to some visitors, is not a choice place of residence. The climate of the Rand possesses one virtue-there is no malarial fever. On the other hand, the lips swell, chafe and crack from the effects of both the wind and high altitude, this causing an irritating f

d who have not been adjudged insolvent. The city pays for their food. In Johannesburg, if a man is sent to jail for a debt, the cred

novation in British territory. Opponents had injunctions issued against these publications, and in other ways the publishers were put to much inconvenience. This edition still appears on the street, however, but, by a court decree, dealers and newsboys are prohibited from soliciting sales. Printers earn good wages

, and, as a result, a number of union labor men are sprinkled about the upper and lower Houses of Parliament. Eight h

k man is not allowed on them; he must walk in the street. This policy saves trouble for both black and white, for it prevents arguments and fights. He is not allowed to ride on street cars. In railroad comp

to themselves. The Boer plan is much better than the English, as, if the black man be given too much liberty, it generally proves injurious to him. Dutch author

r Portuguese territory, and soon find themselves in the hold of a ship sailing from Lourenzo Marques for India. Indians have spoiled the Province of Natal, so the Dutch are taking care that that

hospitals-all the public accessories that make a city are found in Johannesburg; also most modern city fire-fighting appliances, an electri

ood and stone. About all the timber required to erect one of these houses is for joists, scantlings, and doors. The sheets of corrugated iron are nailed to the joists and to the scantling at the roof. Sometimes there are plastered interiors, but a great many ha

the door of a tobacco store. It m

e head-covering worn in the interior of South Africa. It is the only hat a Dutchman wears. Derby hats are in lit

hat took place before or since are referred to as having occurred before or after the storm. Still, the weather gets cold enough to freeze w

n. It was planned that as soon as Lord Roberts entered the city an electric button would be pressed to set off the bombs, which would ruin the mines. Botha, of course, was well aware of what was to occur. A messenger was dispatched by him to Lord Roberts, bearing a request from the Boer commander to delay entering the city for 24 hours. Lord Roberts acceded to the request. During the interval General Botha pleaded with his B

se farm was located on a portion of the Gold Re

land assumed responsibility. In 1877 the British flag was raised in Pretoria, but the Dutch did not relish that innovation. During 1881 the Boers attacked the English garrisons, and in January, 1882, the British suffered successive defeats at Majuba Hill, under command of General Colley, the latter being killed at Ingogo Heights. Eight hundred English officers and men were killed in the engagements, and on the Boer side 18 were killed and 33 wounded. A few lean years for the Dutch followed. Later, the gold fields of Barberton sprang into existence, then the Rand, and undreamed of wealth poured into the Transvaal, to

ach province has its legislature, like our State legislature. A governor-general, appointed by the King of England, is the representative of the Imperial Government in South Africa and Rhodesia. With the exception of eig

t places where gold and diamonds are mined, yet few big burglaries take place. In stature, the policemen of

t. The poorer portions of beeves and sheep find their way to the compounds, the meat being eaten by the mine "boys." The fro

pped to centers North, and hence all the woolen goods come from Europe. One may ride through sections that should make splendid farming districts, but these are held by landowners in tracts of from 2,000 to 30,000 acres, and only a small area is un

ever, rinderpest and red water-is apt to decimate them at any time; two or three diseases wipe out sheep; there is what

ps the white man's coffee-pot boiling, at the same time it unhands him industrially. When one sees a piece of plowed land it is generally but half plowed, a grassy strip of sod often app