Beowulf by 0
Chapter 1 THE LIFE AND DEATH OF SCYLD.
The famous race of Spear-Danes.
Lo! the Spear-Danes' glory through splendid achievements
The folk-kings' former fame we have heard of,
How princes displayed then their prowess-in-battle.
Scyld, their mighty king, in honor of whom they are often called Scyldings. He is the great-grandfather of Hrothgar, so prominent in the poem.
Oft Scyld the Scefing from scathers in numbers
5 From many a people their mead-benches tore.
Since first he found him friendless and wretched,
The earl had had terror: comfort he got for it,
Waxed 'neath the welkin, world-honor gained,
Till all his neighbors o'er sea were compelled to
10 Bow to his bidding and bring him their tribute:
An excellent atheling! After was borne him
A son is born to him, who receives the name of Beowulf-a name afterwards made so famous by the hero of the poem.
A son and heir, young in his dwelling,
Whom God-Father sent to solace the people.
He had marked the misery malice had caused them,
15 1That reaved of their rulers they wretched had erstwhile2
Long been afflicted. The Lord, in requital,
Wielder of Glory, with world-honor blessed him.
Famed was Beowulf, far spread the glory
Of Scyld's great son in the lands of the Danemen.
The ideal Teutonic king lavishes gifts on his vassals.
20 So the carle that is young, by kindnesses rendered
The friends of his father, with fees in abundance
Must be able to earn that when age approacheth
Eager companions aid him requitingly,
When war assaults him serve him as liegemen:
25 By praise-worthy actions must honor be got
'Mong all of the races. At the hour that was fated
Scyld dies at the hour appointed by Fate.
Scyld then departed to the All-Father's keeping
Warlike to wend him; away then they bare him
To the flood of the current, his fond-loving comrades,
30 As himself he had bidden, while the friend of the Scyldings
Word-sway wielded, and the well-lovèd land-prince
Long did rule them.3 The ring-stemmèd vessel,
Bark of the atheling, lay there at anchor,
Icy in glimmer and eager for sailing;
By his own request, his body is laid on a vessel and wafted seaward.
35 The belovèd leader laid they down there,
Giver of rings, on the breast of the vessel,
The famed by the mainmast. A many of jewels,
Of fretted embossings, from far-lands brought over,
Was placed near at hand then; and heard I not ever
40 That a folk ever furnished a float more superbly
With weapons of warfare, weeds for the battle,
Bills and burnies; on his bosom sparkled
Many a jewel that with him must travel
On the flush of the flood afar on the current.
45 And favors no fewer they furnished him soothly,
Excellent folk-gems, than others had given him
He leaves Daneland on the breast of a bark.
Who when first he was born outward did send him
Lone on the main, the merest of infants:
And a gold-fashioned standard they stretched under heaven
50 High o'er his head, let the holm-currents bear him,
Seaward consigned him: sad was their spirit,
Their mood very mournful. Men are not able
No one knows whither the boat drifted.
Soothly to tell us, they in halls who reside,4
Heroes under heaven, to what haven he hied.
[1] For the 'T?t' of verse 15, Sievers suggests 'Tá' (= which). If this be accepted, the sentence 'He had ... afflicted' will read: He (i.e. God) had perceived the malice-caused sorrow which they, lordless, had formerly long endured.
[2] For 'aldor-léase' (15) Gr. suggested 'aldor-ceare': He perceived their distress, that they formerly had suffered life-sorrow a long while.
[3] A very difficult passage. 'áhte' (31) has no object. H. supplies 'geweald' from the context; and our translation is based upon this assumption, though it is far from satisfactory. Kl. suggests 'l?ndagas' for 'lange': And the beloved land-prince enjoyed (had) his transitory days (i.e. lived). B. suggests a dislocation; but this is a dangerous doctrine, pushed rather far by that eminent scholar.
[4] The reading of the H.-So. text has been quite closely followed; but some eminent scholars read 'séle-r?denne' for 'sele-r?dende.' If that be adopted, the passage will read: Men cannot tell us, indeed, the order of Fate, etc. 'Sele-r?dende' has two things to support it: (1) v. 1347; (2) it affords a parallel to 'men' in v. 50.
Chapter 1 THE LIFE AND DEATH OF SCYLD.
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Chapter 2 SCYLD'S SUCCESSORS.-HROTHGAR'S GREAT MEAD-HALL.
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Chapter 3 GRENDEL THE MURDERER.
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Chapter 4 BEOWULF GOES TO HROTHGAR'S ASSISTANCE.
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Chapter 5 THE GEATS REACH HEOROT.
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Chapter 6 BEOWULF INTRODUCES HIMSELF AT THE PALACE.
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Chapter 7 HROTHGAR AND BEOWULF.
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Chapter 8 No.8
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Chapter 9 UNFERTH TAUNTS BEOWULF.
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Chapter 10 BEOWULF SILENCES UNFERTH.-GLEE IS HIGH.
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Chapter 11 ALL SLEEP SAVE ONE.
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Chapter 12 GRENDEL AND BEOWULF.
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Chapter 13 GRENDEL IS VANQUISHED.
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Chapter 14 REJOICING OF THE DANES.
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Chapter 15 HROTHGAR'S GRATITUDE.
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Chapter 16 HROTHGAR LAVISHES GIFTS UPON HIS DELIVERER.
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Chapter 17 No.17
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Chapter 18 No.18
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Chapter 19 BEOWULF RECEIVES FURTHER HONOR.
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Chapter 20 THE MOTHER OF GRENDEL.
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Chapter 21 HROTHGAR'S ACCOUNT OF THE MONSTERS.
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Chapter 22 BEOWULF SEEKS GRENDEL'S MOTHER.
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Chapter 23 BEOWULF'S FIGHT WITH GRENDEL'S MOTHER.
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Chapter 24 BEOWULF IS DOUBLE-CONQUEROR.
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Chapter 25 BEOWULF BRINGS HIS TROPHIES.-HROTHGAR'S GRATITUDE.
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Chapter 26 HROTHGAR MORALIZES.-REST AFTER LABOR.
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Chapter 27 SORROW AT PARTING.
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Chapter 28 THE HOMEWARD JOURNEY.-THE TWO QUEENS.
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Chapter 29 BEOWULF AND HIGELAC.
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Chapter 30 BEOWULF NARRATES HIS ADVENTURES TO HIGELAC.
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Chapter 31 GIFT-GIVING IS MUTUAL.
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Chapter 32 THE HOARD AND THE DRAGON.
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Chapter 33 BRAVE THOUGH AGED.-REMINISCENCES.
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Chapter 34 BEOWULF SEEKS THE DRAGON.-BEOWULF'S REMINISCENCES.
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Chapter 35 No.35
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Chapter 36 WIGLAF THE TRUSTY.-BEOWULF IS DESERTED BY FRIENDS AND BY SWORD.
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Chapter 37 THE FATAL STRUGGLE.-BEOWULF'S LAST MOMENTS.
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Chapter 38 WIGLAF PLUNDERS THE DRAGON'S DEN.-BEOWULF'S DEATH.
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Chapter 39 THE DEAD FOES.-WIGLAF'S BITTER TAUNTS.
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Chapter 40 THE MESSENGER OF DEATH.
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