How to Live

on I-

s; but we cannot live without air more than a few minutes. Our air supply is therefore of more i

ld be ventilated both before

s not insure ventilation. We may have model dwellings, with ideal window-space and v

s of Ve

ation are motion, coolness, and the p

af

he seeker after health can have. Of course, a strong draft directed against some exposed part of the body, causing a local chill

Catchi

ile they are in process of changing their habits. But after even a few days of enjoyment of air in motion, with cautious exposure to it,

gerated. A cold of any kind is usually a catarrhal disease of germ

tance of the body which produces the usual cold. Army men have often noted that as long as they are on the march and sleep outdoors,

er grow foolhardy. It is never advisable that a per

nd

h the windows. We advise keeping windows open al

air and an exit for used air at opposite sides of the room. Where there can not be such a

ow-b

hes high and situated three or four inches in front of the window, so as to deflect the cold air upward when the window is slightly opened. The air will then reach the breathing-zone, instead of flowing on to the floor and chilling the fe

r-

ficial means. This important method of practising air-hygiene is becoming quite generally available through the introduction of

ng Sy

which introduces warmed new air is better than one acting by direc

ol

erature of 5 to 10 degrees lower is preferable. Heat is depressing. It lessens both mental and muscular efficiency. Among the employes of a large commercial organization in New York who were examined by the Life Extension Institute, some of the men in one particular room were suffering from an i

y

imate in which to live or spend his vacations. Unfortunately, there is not as yet any simpl

mi

rs on which some people rely, even when located in the air-passages of a hot-air furnace, have only an infinitesimal influence. Vertical wicks of felt with their lower ends in water kept hot by the heating apparatus yield a rapid supply of moisture. Evaporation is greatly facilitated if the water or wicks

rom extreme dryness. This is a subject y

shn

e air. Air may be vitiated by poisonous gases, by dust a

o lighting by gas, as some of the gas i

cco

tobacco smoke. Smoking, especially in a closed space such as a smoking-room or

u

pations, particularly those known as the dusty trades, are ap

the air-but by a damp or oiled cloth. Dust-catching furniture and hangings of plush, lace, etc., are not hygienic. A carpet-sweeper is more hyg

ct

ir was agitated by dry sweeping, the number of colonies of bacteria collected on

nl

when possible. Many of our germ enem

n II-C

t is a reasonable inference from modern investigations that air-hygiene concerns the skin quite as much as the lungs. Therefore the hygiene of clothing assumes a new and hit

us C

our outer clothes-including women's gowns and men's shirts, vests, vest-linings, and coat-linings-should also be loose and porous. Here is one of the most important but almost wholly neglected clothing reforms. Most linings and many fabrics used in outer clothes

-ba

ter becoming gradually accustomed to the cold); but any one can spend at least a little time in a state of nature. Both at the time of rising in the morning and upon retiring at night, there are many things which are usually done while one's clothes are on which could be done just as well while they are off. Brushi

t Cl

h

with their health. The barefoot cure is not always practicable, but any one can wear broad-toed shoes with a straight inner edge and do his part to help drive pointed toes out of fashion. Such a reform should not be so difficult as to rid the women of China of their particular form of foot-binding. Several anatomical types of shoes, that is, shoes made to fit the normal foot instead

Linens,

quickly enough. Hence, if worn next to the skin, it becomes saturated with perspiration, which it long retains to the disadvantage of the skin. Consequently woolen clothing is best confined to overcoats and outer garments, designed especially for cold weather. The unde

o

tter. This is especially true in summer, but there is

nt of changing weather conditions. They do not suffer greatly from extreme summer heat nor extrem

III-Outd

f-doo

air of the best ventilated house is not as good as outdoor air. Those who spend much of their lives in the open enjoy the best he

n the world, and, after all, the main advantages of fresh air can be enjoyed in almost any lo

mp

dryness of air is advantageous, it seems nevertheless true that to live in damp, eve

or Sc

nary schools. It is even claimed that tuberculous children in an outdoor school may make more rapid progress in their studies than the more normal chil

r Recr

ics, and visits to parks. Whenever practicable, outdoor rec

upa

ization, if, in consequence of an increased liking for outdoor life, larger numbers of our population should join the "back-to-the-farm" movement. Leaving the country for the city is often disastrous even for th

V-Outdoor

. But there is one important part of the twenty-four hours when most people can completely control their own air supply. This is at night. We spend a third of our

rcul

Per

it been used in ordinary climates and all the year round. Dr. Millet, a Brockton physician, began some years ago to prescribe outdoor sleeping for some shoe-factory workmen who were suffering from tuberculosis. As a consequence, in spite of their insanitary working-places (where they still continued to work while being treated for tuberculosis), they often conquered the disease in a few months.

Resi

resist disease, and greatly promotes phy

ht

e moral of this is not to shut out the night air, but, when necessary, to shut out the mosquito by screens. The experiment has been made of sleeping out-of-doors in screened cages in the most malarial of places and no malarial infection resulted, though those

tion F

of course sleeping out-of-doors does not reach its maximum efficiency if there is too much protection, that is, if the sleeping-out place is

should be warmly clad, and the head and neck protected by a warm cap or helmet or hood. To prevent the entrance of cold air under the bedclothes, one or more blankets should be extended at least two feet beyond the head, with a central slit for the head. Early awakening by the light may, if necess

ping

f hygiene are so easy to obey. Where a sleeping-porch is not available, an inward window tent can always be had

oor

is erroneous. Canvas is a tightly woven fabric and impervious to air. That is why it makes good sails. One of the most modern boys' camps has given up the us

-door sleeping will be furnished, upon ap

V-Deep B

und-after trying many other aids to health without success-that a retired life for several months in the mountains in which simple deep-breathing exercises practised systematically every day formed the central theme, effected a permanent cur

, the whole lung is forced into action, and the circulation of the blood in the abdomen is more efficiently maintained, thus equalizing the circula

ing Ex

r on the side of the nose, so as to close one nostril, breathing in through the other nostril, breathing out of the first nostril in the same manner and then reversing the process. Attention to the slight sound of the air, as it passes through

lar E

tself is also beneficial, if very slow. Forced rapid breathing is comparatively valueless, and indeed may be posi

ng

and is for that and other reaso

al S

ch our breath, and sadness makes us sigh. Conversely, slow, even breathing calms mental agitation. It is not without reas