Germany, The Next Republic?

k in diplomatic relations, or for war, in the event of a rupture. German officials realised that unless the people were made to suspect Mr. Wilson and his motives, unless they were made t

diplomatic relations in 1915 would not have been an easy matter to explain, if the people had not been encouraged to hate Wilson. So while Germany maintained a propaganda bureau in America

y officers. After the sinking of the Arabic the six military observers attached to the American Embassy were invited by the General Staff to go to Russia to study the military operations of Field Marshal von Mackensen. They were escorted by Baron von Maltzahn, former attache of the German Embassy in Paris. At Lodz, one of the largest cities in Poland, they were taken to headquarters. Von M

reached Berlin and reported this

-TRAF

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to the headquarters of General von Besseler, afterward named Governor General of Poland. The general received them in the gardens of the Polish castle which he had seized as his headquarters

you can do is to tell your country t

ian front. In a little town near the Stochod River we were invited to dinner by Colonel von Luck. I sat opposite the colonel, who was in charge of the reorganisation here

y insult you in

ch antagonism in Berlin; that it was c

the army was running the government we would probably have had war

nd placed on sale at souvenir shops throughout Germany. Ambassador Gerard received one day, in

." For some weeks this rubber s

enemy. The result was that most Americans had to be exceedingly careful not to talk aloud in public places. The American correspondents were even warned at the General Staff

minent American business man was spit upon and chased out of a public bus because she was speaking English. Then a group of women chased her down the street. Another American woman was stabbed by a soldier when she was walking on Friedrichstrasse with a friend because she was speaking English. When the State Department instructed Ambassador Gerard to bring the matter to the attention of the Foreign Office and to demand an apology Wilhelmstrasse referred the matter to the General Staff for investigation. The so

, fights France, fears Russia but loathes America."

paign was be

States. Copies were sent by mail to all Americans and to hundreds of thousands of Germans. It was edited and distributed by "The League of Truth." It was the most sensational

HIS PRESS I

was this

Frederick the Great (in Berlin). The American flag was enshrouded in black crape. Frederick the Great was the first to recognise the independence of the young Republic, after it had won its freedom from the yoke

page of the magazin

ed a group of thirty-six people, mostly boys, standing

where he saw Secretary of State von Jagow. Gerard demanded instantaneous removal of the wreath. Von Jagow promised an "investig

to the Foreign Office and told von Jagow that unless it was taken away that day he would get it himself a

inued its propaganda. Gerard

eprint of the "Declaration of Independence," with the imprint across the face of a bloody hand. Enclosed in a heavy black border on

pon some German-Americans as her allies. One day Ambassador Gerard received a circular entitled "An Appeal to All Friends

e foreigner who was able to witness the unanimous rising of the German people at the outbreak o

character has remained true to German principles, he

and their dependents, setting at naught--unpunished--the revered document of the Fourth of July, 1776, and daring to barter away the birthright of the white race. . . . We want to see whether the united voices of Germans and

tion Light and Truth were being assisted by the Foreign Office Press Bureau and protected by the General Staff. An American dentist in Berlin, Dr. Charles Mueller, was chairman of the league. Mrs. Annie Neumann-Hofer, the American-b

o the league's offices and look at the people who were directing it. In the course of his remarks the Ambassador said that if the Foreign Office didn't do something to suppress the league immediately, he would burn dow

ooded with letters from "Th

involved in a criminal charge involving threat of arson. . . . All American citizens are now asked whether an Ambassador who acts so undignifie

d of American and neutral lives on the high seas, the whole thing would have been too absurd to notice. But Germany wanted to create the

rd number of Light and Truth. Before von Jagow consented Mrs. Neumann-Hofer turned upon her former propa

sy the day before the Ambassador left.] Marten is supported by some very high officials. He has letters of congratulations from the Chancellor, General von Falkenhayn, Coun

"A New Declaration of Independence." This was circulated in

RATION OF I

e great words were forged that welded us

the world, their molten words flamed with light and thei

ope, the invisible manacles that have been cunningly laid upon our freed

ithin our land and in insolent ships before our gates. We have not only become Colonials once

hat we ourselves hold dear, but against odds such as we were never force

arts we see that this would now seem like a hollow mockery of something solemn and immemorial.

as denied us for the peaceful Commerce of our entire land an

en yet friendly land. It has brought to u

those who began and those who believe it, we have stripped ourselves of the rags of many pe

, of intercourse, of trade, are threatened, nay, already s

dden underfoot. We see the wild straining of the felon arms that wo

, murderous iron and debauched p

as heralds of peace are monstrous, so lon

od that have their source

Independenc

and momentous h

ust speak with clear and inexorab

claration of Independence, because the time has come when we mus

July 4

ICAN PROPAGA

s living in Germany who retained their American passports to keep themselves, or their children, out of the army, all publications for this b

th America and Mexico as well as in Spain and other European neutral countries. For this outside propaganda, money and

news association. The government had given its support and the two wireless towers at Sayville, Long Island, and Tuckerton, N. J., were used as "footholds" on American soil. These stations were

in Germany and substituted "news" which the Krupp interests and the Imperial Foreign Office desired the American people to believe. December, 1916, when the German General Staff began to plan for an unrestricted submarine warfare, especial use was made of the "Overseas News Agency" to work up sentiment here against President Wilson. Desperate efforts were made to keep the United States from breaking diplomatic relations. In December and January last records of the news despatches in the American newspapers

as friendly, the Government laboured to prepare the German people for war. The policy was to make the American people believe Germany would never do anything to bring the United States

ty. We have close business and blood relations, and these should not b

ed toward the Ge

rmits the ammunition factories to supply the Allies. These factories are killing your relatives. We have millions of German-Americans who will support us. It wil

eign Office officials and the same Krupp interests which control the Overseas agency. Having failed here, he returned to Berlin. There was only o

correspondents of these associations and newspapers in Berlin. Later, when the individual correspondents began to demand more space on the wireless, the news sent jointly to these papers was cut down. This unofficial league of American papers was called the "War-Union." The news which this union sent was German, but it was written by trained

ribed the same amount to the reorganised company. Then, believing that another agency could be organised, subscribed 400,000 marks more to the Transocean News Agency. Because there was so much bitterness and rivalry between the offi

because Germany had a different policy toward these countries. The United States was on record against an unlimited submarine warfare. Mexico and South America were not. Brazil, which has a big German population, was considered an un-annexed German colony. News to Brazil, therefore, had to be coloured differently than news to New York. Some of the colouring

any had to depend upon German-Americans with American passports to bring information over. These German-Americans, co-operating with some of the Americans in Berlin, kept informing the Foreign Office, the army and navy as well as influential Reichstag members that the real power behind the government over here

ourse of one of their conversations Zimmermann said the United States would never go to war with Germany, "because the German-Americans would revolt." That was one of Zimmermann's hobbies. Zimmerm

advised about conditions here through the German spy system and by German-American envoys, who cam

a conversation with Ambassador Gerard he said that he believed Wilson was only bluffing in his submarine notes. When Zi

ident? Why doesn't your Preside

mann was the man who kept Baron Mumm von Schwarzenstein, former Ambassador to Tokyo, in the Foreign Office in Berlin as chief of foreign propaganda and intrigue in America and China. Mumm had been here as Minister Extra-ordinary several

e war; to prevent American goods reaching the Allies and to persuade Germans and those of German descent not to work in ammunition factories." The same week I overheard in a Berlin cafe two reserve naval officers discuss plans for destroying Allied ships sailing from American ports. One of these men was an esc

was f

ica alone. If he keeps this up he'll drag us into the war. T

few minutes. I asked him why it was that Germany, which was at peace w

ems to want war. Germany is not responsible for what the German-Americans are doing. They

egotiations with German-Americans in the United States. Men came to Germany with letters of introduction from leading German-Americans here, with the expressed purpose of trying to get Germany to stop its propaganda here. Wh

s the State Department has proof of checks which have bee

for his reports on American conditions. The name cannot be mentioned because there are no records to prove the transaction, altho

d, that it would be a long time before the United States could get forces to Europe in a sufficient number to have a decisive effect upon the war. He began to plan with the General Staff and the Navy to league Mexico against America for two purposes. One, Germany figured that a

rts of the negotiations were sent to Washington. The State Department was warned that unless the United States solved the "Mexican problem" immediately Germany would prepare to attack us through Mexico. German reservists were tipped off to be ready to go to Mexico upon a moment's notice. Count von Bernstorff and the Ge